纵向脑磁共振成像(MRI)含有病理扫描的登记是由于组织外观变化而挑战,仍然是未解决的问题。本文介绍了第一脑肿瘤序列登记(Brats-Reg)挑战,重点是估计诊断患有脑弥漫性胶质瘤的同一患者的术前和后续扫描之间的对应关系。 Brats-Reg挑战打算建立可变形登记算法的公共基准环境。关联的数据集包括根据公共解剖模板,为每个扫描的大小和分辨率策划的DE识别的多机构多参数MRI(MPMRI)数据。临床专家在扫描内产生了广泛的标志标记点,描述了跨时域的不同解剖位置。培训数据以及这些地面真相注释将被释放给参与者来设计和开发他们的注册算法,而组织者将扣留验证和测试数据的注释,并用于评估参与者的集装箱化算法。每个所提交的算法都将使用几个度量来定量评估,例如中位绝对误差(MAE),鲁棒性和雅可比的决定因素。
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Normative modelling is an emerging method for understanding the underlying heterogeneity within brain disorders like Alzheimer Disease (AD) by quantifying how each patient deviates from the expected normative pattern that has been learned from a healthy control distribution. Since AD is a multifactorial disease with more than one biological pathways, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) neuroimaging data can provide complementary information about the disease heterogeneity. However, existing deep learning based normative models on multimodal MRI data use unimodal autoencoders with a single encoder and decoder that may fail to capture the relationship between brain measurements extracted from different MRI modalities. In this work, we propose multi-modal variational autoencoder (mmVAE) based normative modelling framework that can capture the joint distribution between different modalities to identify abnormal brain structural patterns in AD. Our multi-modal framework takes as input Freesurfer processed brain region volumes from T1-weighted (cortical and subcortical) and T2-weighed (hippocampal) scans of cognitively normal participants to learn the morphological characteristics of the healthy brain. The estimated normative model is then applied on Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients to quantify the deviation in brain volumes and identify the abnormal brain structural patterns due to the effect of the different AD stages. Our experimental results show that modeling joint distribution between the multiple MRI modalities generates deviation maps that are more sensitive to disease staging within AD, have a better correlation with patient cognition and result in higher number of brain regions with statistically significant deviations compared to a unimodal baseline model with all modalities concatenated as a single input.
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用户评估包括跨在线平台的大量信息。尽管大多数现有推荐系统都可以缓解稀疏性问题并提高建议质量,但大多数现有推荐系统都忽略了此信息源。这项工作为同时学习项目属性和用户行为提供了一个深层模型。深层合作神经网络(DeepConn)是建议的模型,该模型由两个平行的神经网络组成,这些神经网络在其最终层中相连。其中一个网络专注于从用户提交的评论中学习用户行为,而另一个网络从用户评论中学习项目属性。最重要的是,添加了共享层以连接这两个网络。与分解机方法类似,共享层允许获得的潜在因素和事物相互互动。根据实验发现,在许多数据集上,DeepConn超过所有基线推荐系统。
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我们提供了来自两个常见的低级内核近似产生的近似高斯过程(GP)回归的保证:基于随机傅里叶功能,并基于截断内核的Mercer扩展。特别地,我们将kullback-leibler在精确的gp和由一个上述低秩近似的一个与其内核中的一个引起的kullback-leibler发散相结合,以及它们的相应预测密度之间,并且我们还绑定了预测均值之间的误差使用近似GP使用精确的GP计算的矢量和预测协方差矩阵之间的载体。我们为模拟数据和标准基准提供了实验,以评估我们理论界的有效性。
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我们提供了来自两个常见的低级内核近似产生的近似高斯过程(GP)回归的保证:基于随机傅里叶功能,并基于截断内核的Mercer扩展。特别地,我们将kullback-leibler在精确的gp和由一个上述低秩近似的一个与其内核中的一个引起的kullback-leibler发散相结合,以及它们的相应预测密度之间,并且我们还绑定了预测均值之间的误差使用近似GP使用精确的GP计算的矢量和预测协方差矩阵之间的载体。我们为模拟数据和标准基准提供了实验,以评估我们理论界的有效性。
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